What is the name of the kingdom ruled by Odin?

The kingdom ruled by Odin is Asgard.

In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Asgard is the home realm of the Asgardians and the seat of Odin’s power. Odin is introduced as its king, with Frigga as queen and Thor and Loki raised as royal sons. Asgard is one of the Nine Realms connected by the Bifrost.

A common mix-up is confusing Asgard with Midgard, the Asgardian name for Earth. Jotunheim is the realm of the Frost Giants, while Vanaheim is home to the Vanir. Asgard is also more than a conventional kingdom: in the MCU, it is a separate realm with its own advanced civilization, royal court, military, and magical technology.

The phrase “Asgard is not a place, it’s a people,” spoken in Thor: Ragnarok, reflects how the survivors preserve Asgardian identity even after their realm is destroyed. Odin’s rule ends before the events of Avengers: Infinity War, when Asgard’s survivors are attacked by Thanos.