Who created the Titan formula in Arkham Asylum?

Dr. Penelope Young created the Titan formula in Batman: Arkham Asylum. She developed it through research on Bane's Venom and related biological materials while leading Arkham Asylum's research program.

Young originally presented Titan as a medical project intended to strengthen vulnerable patients so they could endure more demanding psychiatric treatments. The formula became far more dangerous than that stated purpose: it caused extreme physical enlargement, violent behavior, loss of control, and severe biological strain. Joker intended to steal the research and use Titan to create an army of monstrous inmates.

The formula's connection to Bane creates a frequent confusion. Bane did not create Titan itself; his Venom research and altered physiology provided crucial source material. Dr. Harleen Quinzel was Joker's psychiatrist, Dr. Jonathan Crane developed fear toxin, and Dr. Hugo Strange later became associated with Arkham City. During the game, Batman destroys Young's primary formula research, although the post-credits scene suggests that Titan may still survive elsewhere.