80 Dna And Genetics Trivia Questions with Answers
80 public questions with answers, drawn from the well. How many can you answer?
Which bacterium became the first organism to have its complete genome sequence published in 1995?
Answer
Haemophilus influenzae
Which international project produced the first publicly announced draft sequence of the human genome in 2000?
Answer
Human Genome Project
In population genetics, what principle predicts that allele frequencies remain constant without evolutionary forces?
Answer
Hardy–Weinberg principle
Which DNA sequencing method did Frederick Sanger develop and share a 1980 Nobel Prize for?
Answer
Chain-termination sequencing
Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
Answer
Transfer RNA
Which human chromosome contains the CFTR gene associated with cystic fibrosis?
Answer
Chromosome 7
What is the name of the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template?
Answer
RNA polymerase
What is the name of the process by which DNA is copied before cell division?
Answer
DNA replication
Which scientist coined the term “genetics” in 1906?
Answer
William Bateson
Which geneticist coined the term “gene” in 1909?
Answer
Wilhelm Johannsen
Which human chromosome is the largest by physical length?
Answer
Chromosome 1
What term describes a heritable change in gene activity that does not alter the DNA sequence?
Answer
Epigenetic change
What is the name of the process by which a cell takes up DNA from its surroundings?
Answer
Natural transformation
What is the name of the DNA-profiling method developed by Alec Jeffreys in 1984?
Answer
Genetic fingerprinting
What term describes the inheritance of a trait controlled by genes at several different loci?
Answer
Polygenic inheritance
What was the name of the first bacterium shown to acquire hereditary traits through transformation?
Answer
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which scientist’s 1952 Photograph 51 helped reveal DNA’s helical structure?
Answer
Rosalind Franklin
What is the name of the process that removes introns from a pre-mRNA molecule?
Answer
RNA splicing
Which human genetic disorder results from loss of paternal gene expression on chromosome 15?
Answer
Prader–Willi syndrome
Which type of mutation changes one DNA base into another?
Answer
Base substitution
In human genetics, which inheritance pattern passes a trait from an affected father to all of his sons?
Answer
Y-linked inheritance
Which enzyme removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA during bacterial DNA replication?
Answer
DNA polymerase I
In genetics, which organism had the first complete genome sequence published for a free-living organism?
Answer
Haemophilus influenzae
Which chemical DNA modification is commonly associated with gene silencing in mammals?
Answer
DNA methylation
What technique amplifies a chosen DNA region through repeated heating and cooling cycles?
Answer
Polymerase chain reaction
Which base pairs with cytosine in a DNA double helix?
Answer
Guanine
Which experiment showed that DNA, rather than protein, is the hereditary material in bacteriophages?
Answer
Hershey–Chase experiment