The Xbox Series X GPU uses AMD's RDNA 2 graphics architecture.
Microsoft developed the Xbox Series X with AMD, combining a custom Zen 2 CPU with a custom RDNA 2 GPU. The graphics processor has 52 compute units and is rated at 12 teraflops, giving the console substantially more graphics capability than the Xbox One family.
RDNA 2 also introduced hardware-accelerated ray tracing support to Xbox consoles. The Series X can use that capability in compatible games, although actual resolution, frame rate, and ray-tracing features vary by title.
A common confusion is treating RDNA 2 as the console's processor name. It describes the GPU architecture, while Zen 2 describes the CPU architecture. The Series S also uses a custom RDNA 2 GPU, but with fewer compute units and lower performance.