What is the capital of Sudan?

The capital of Sudan is Khartoum. The city stands at the meeting point of the White Nile and Blue Nile, whose confluence forms the Nile River proper.

Khartoum was founded in 1821 by Isma'il Kamil Pasha, an Ottoman-Egyptian administrator. Its strategic position helped it grow as a military and administrative center. The city became the capital of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan after British forces reconquered Sudan in 1898 and rebuilt it according to a planned street layout.

Khartoum forms part of a closely connected urban area with Omdurman, on the western bank of the Nile, and Khartoum Bahri, to the north. These cities are sometimes collectively called the “Three Cities.” Omdurman is a separate city, not Sudan’s capital.

Sudan’s political conflict has disrupted government operations and displaced many residents, but Khartoum remains the country’s constitutional and commonly recognized capital. Port Sudan is an important Red Sea port, while Kassala is a major eastern city.