In Genesis, Ham saw Noah uncovered inside his tent and told his brothers.
Genesis 9 describes Noah becoming drunk after planting a vineyard and lying uncovered in his tent. Ham, identified as Noah’s son, saw his father’s nakedness and reported it to Shem and Japheth, who responded by covering Noah while avoiding looking at him.
The passage then records Noah’s words about Canaan, Ham’s son. This is why readers should distinguish Ham from Canaan: Ham is the son who appears in the incident, while Canaan is the grandson named in the subsequent pronouncement.
The episode is often summarized too loosely as a story about “Noah’s sons,” but Genesis assigns different actions to each. Shem and Japheth cover their father, while Ham is the one who reports what he saw. The passage has generated extensive later interpretation, but the identities in the narrative are explicit.