In Genesis, which son of Noah is traditionally listed as the ancestor of the Semitic peoples?

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In Genesis, Shem is traditionally listed as the ancestor of the Semitic peoples.

Genesis names Shem, Ham, and Japheth as Noah’s sons and later gives a genealogy descending from Shem. The term “Semitic” was coined much later by scholars from the biblical name Shem, and it has been used historically for related languages and peoples of the ancient Near East. The biblical genealogy itself is not a modern linguistic classification.

Shem is associated in Genesis with the line leading to figures such as Arpachshad, Shelah, Eber, and eventually Abraham. This genealogy is one reason later traditions connect Shem with the peoples and languages described as Semitic.

Ham and Japheth are also important figures in the table of nations in Genesis 10. Canaan, sometimes confused with Noah’s sons, is identified there as a son of Ham. The question asks for Noah’s son associated with the Semitic line, making Shem the specific answer.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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