In Genesis, Ham is the son of Noah described as the ancestor of the peoples of Canaan.
Genesis 10 lists the descendants of Noah’s three sons after the flood. Ham’s sons are Cush, Mizraim, Put, and Canaan, and the chapter presents these family lines as origins of peoples and territories known to the biblical writers. Canaan is therefore linked directly to Ham in the genealogy.
This question is distinct from the passage in Genesis 9 about Noah, Ham, and Canaan after Noah becomes drunk. The later genealogical table identifies Canaan as Ham’s son and places him among Ham’s descendants, while Shem and Japheth have separate family lines.
Biblical genealogies are not modern population genetics or complete historical censuses. They organize peoples within the narrative’s ancient worldview, and names such as Mizraim and Put are commonly associated with Egypt and regions of North Africa, though exact identifications can be debated.