The French lost 220 guns at Waterloo. This figure appears in standard summaries of the battle’s French casualties and equipment losses, alongside the army’s heavy human losses and mass retreat.
The artillery losses reflected the collapse of Napoleon’s army late on 18 June 1815. Once the Imperial Guard was repulsed and the Prussians pressed the French right and rear, French units abandoned guns, ammunition wagons and other matériel while fleeing the field.
The number is not the same as the French artillery strength at the start of the battle, which is variously estimated at roughly 246–254 guns. Nor does it mean that every gun was destroyed: many were captured or abandoned during the rout. Historians can differ slightly over force totals, but 220 is the conventional answer for French guns lost.