Metallica performed at Tushino Airfield in Moscow in 1991 during promotion for Metallica, known as The Black Album.
The concert took place on September 28, 1991, as part of the Monsters of Rock festival tour. It was described as the first free outdoor Western rock concert in Soviet history, placing the band's performance within the dramatic political and cultural changes surrounding the final months of the Soviet Union.
Attendance estimates vary widely. The commonly cited estimate ranges from 150,000 to 500,000 people, while some unofficial claims have been much higher. Because the figures differ by source and counting method, the location is a more precise and reliable fact than any single attendance number.
The Moscow appearance followed the album's August release and helped demonstrate Metallica's rapidly expanding international reach. It was not the band's dedicated Wherever We May Roam Tour, which began later as the principal tour supporting the album. That distinction prevents the Moscow festival from being confused with the later tour's individual concert dates.