According to Genesis, Shem is listed first among Noah’s three sons. Genesis 5:32 and Genesis 6:10 name the sons as Shem, Ham, and Japheth.
Shem is especially prominent in the genealogical material that follows the Flood. Genesis 10 presents a table of nations beginning with Japheth, then Ham, and then Shem, while Genesis 11 continues the line from Shem toward Abram. The ordering of names can therefore vary by passage and purpose.
A common complication is that “listed first” does not automatically prove that Shem was the oldest. Genesis 10:21 has wording that translations interpret differently concerning Shem’s relationship to Japheth, and scholars discuss the chronology. The safest precise claim is simply that Shem is named first in the standard lists of Noah’s sons.
Ham is the father of Canaan in the following narrative, and Japheth is associated with another branch of the post-Flood genealogies. Those later details do not change the answer to the narrowly worded question about the first-listed son.