Which sea lies north of Turkey and south of Ukraine?

The Black Sea lies north of Turkey and south of Ukraine. It is a large inland sea bordered by Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, and Georgia, and it connects to the Mediterranean through a chain of waterways: the Bosporus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles.

The sea covers about 436,000 square kilometres, though estimates vary slightly depending on how its boundaries are defined. It is unusually deep, reaching roughly 2,212 metres in its central basin. Its lower waters contain very little dissolved oxygen, so most marine life is concentrated in the upper, oxygen-rich layer.

The Black Sea has played an important role in trade and history. Greek colonies, Byzantine and Ottoman ports, and modern shipping routes all used its coastline. The Danube, Dnieper, Dniester, and Don are among the major rivers that flow into or influence the sea’s watershed.

A common mix-up is confusing it with the Caspian Sea, which lies farther east and is a landlocked lake rather than a sea connected to the world ocean. The Aegean Sea, meanwhile, is south-west of Turkey and forms part of the Mediterranean system.