Which Russian religious movement was inspired by Leo Tolstoy’s teachings?

The religious and ethical movement inspired by Leo Tolstoy’s teachings is called Tolstoyanism.

Tolstoyanism developed from the moral and religious ideas Tolstoy expressed in works such as The Kingdom of God Is Within You. Its followers emphasized nonviolence, resistance to state authority, simple living, manual labor, and the ethical teachings attributed to Jesus.

Tolstoy rejected organized church authority and criticized militarism, punishment, and social privilege. He did not establish a formal church, and Tolstoyans differed among themselves in practice. Many communities tried to live cooperatively and avoid military service.

The movement influenced people outside Russia, including Mahatma Gandhi, who corresponded with Tolstoy near the end of Tolstoy’s life. Tolstoyanism should not be confused with Slavophilism, an earlier Russian intellectual movement centered on cultural and religious distinctiveness.