Which ruler is traditionally associated with the Hanging Gardens of Babylon?

Nebuchadnezzar II is the ruler traditionally associated with the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

He governed the Neo-Babylonian Empire during the sixth century BC and sponsored extensive building works in Babylon. Later Greek and Roman writers credited him with creating the gardens for his Median wife, who supposedly missed her homeland’s mountain landscape.

That romantic origin story is not securely supported by contemporary Babylonian records. Archaeologists have found evidence of major water-management and palace construction at Babylon, but no remains that can be identified confidently as the Hanging Gardens.

Some modern theories place the gardens at Nineveh and associate them with the Assyrian king Sennacherib instead. Nevertheless, Nebuchadnezzar II is the traditional answer connected with the wonder’s Babylonian setting.