Alphabet was created in 2015 as the parent company of Google and its other businesses.
Google announced the corporate reorganization in August 2015, and Alphabet became the publicly traded holding company in October of that year. Under the new structure, Google remained the largest operating company, while projects such as research, life sciences, and other ventures could be managed more independently.
The arrangement separated Google’s core internet products from businesses with different goals, financial profiles, and time horizons. Google continued to include products such as Search, YouTube, Android, and Google Cloud. Alphabet’s other businesses have included initiatives associated with health technology, self-driving vehicles, and experimental research.
Alphabet is the listed company whose shares represent ownership of the wider group, while Google is its best-known subsidiary. This distinction matters in market-capitalization tables: rankings usually list Alphabet as the parent corporation, not Google as a separately listed company. The reorganization also replaced Google’s original corporate structure without ending the Google brand.