Which Oxford society included C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, and Charles Williams?

The Inklings included C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, and Charles Williams. It was an informal Oxford literary discussion group rather than a formally incorporated society.

The group met mainly during the 1930s and 1940s, with gatherings associated with Oxford rooms and pubs, especially The Eagle and Child. Members read aloud from works in progress and discussed literature, theology, mythology, and language.

Lewis and Tolkien were particularly close, and their conversations influenced the development of their fiction. Tolkien was working on The Lord of the Rings during years when members of the group shared drafts and criticism. Charles Williams, a novelist and theologian, was another important participant.

The Inklings did not have a fixed membership list in the way a university club might. Several writers and scholars attended at different times. Its significance comes from the creative exchange among its members, not from formal rules or a single published manifesto.