Which Ottoman sultan was known as 'Yavuz' (the Grim)?

Selim I was the Ottoman sultan known as “Yavuz,” commonly translated as “the Grim” or “the Resolute.”

Selim ruled from 1512 to 1520 and transformed the empire in only eight years. He defeated the Safavid shah Ismail I at the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514, securing Ottoman control over much of eastern Anatolia and weakening Safavid influence there.

His greatest expansion came against the Mamluk Sultanate. Ottoman victories at Marj Dabiq in 1516 and Ridaniya in 1517 brought Syria, Egypt, the Hejaz, and the pilgrimage cities of Mecca and Medina under Ottoman rule. These conquests shifted the empire’s center of gravity toward the Middle East and greatly increased its wealth and prestige.

The nickname is sometimes confused with Suleiman I, known in the West as “the Magnificent,” or Mehmed II, the conqueror of Constantinople. Selim’s son, Suleiman, succeeded him in 1520 and became the empire’s longest-reigning sultan.