Which Ottoman sultan abolished the Janissary corps in 1826?

Which Ottoman sultan abolished the Janissary corps in 1826? The answer is Mahmud II.

Mahmud II (reigned 1808–1839) ended the Janissaries during the Auspicious Incident, a violent confrontation in Istanbul in June 1826. The corps had once been an elite infantry force, but it had become a powerful political institution that resisted military and administrative reforms.

When the Janissaries rebelled against plans for a new European-style army, Mahmud II used loyal troops, artillery, and public support to suppress them. Their barracks were attacked, many Janissaries were killed or executed, and the corps was formally dissolved. Their abolition removed a major obstacle to centralizing Ottoman authority.

A common mix-up is confusing Mahmud II with Selim III. Selim had attempted to create the reformist Nizam-ı Cedid army, but Janissary opposition helped overthrow him in 1807. Mahmud II later succeeded where Selim had failed and established the Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediye as a replacement army.