Which Native American faction was defeated at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend? The Red Sticks were defeated there on March 27, 1814. The battle took place at Tohopeka, near a bend in Alabama's Tallapoosa River, during the Creek War, which overlapped with the wider War of 1812.
The Red Sticks were a faction of the Muscogee, also called Creek, people who opposed American expansion and resisted cultural and political pressure from the United States. They were opposed by Lower Creek communities as well as American forces and Native American allies, including Cherokee and Choctaw fighters.
Major General Andrew Jackson led the American campaign. His troops attacked a fortified Red Stick settlement while General John Coffee's mounted force crossed the river and surrounded the camp. The defeat effectively ended organized Red Stick resistance in the region and led to the Treaty of Fort Jackson later in 1814. The answer is sometimes misstated as “the Creek,” but that is less precise: the defeated faction was the Red Sticks, while not all Muscogee people supported them.