Which Macedonian general saved Alexander's life at the Battle of the Granicus?

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Cleitus the Black saved Alexander's life at the Battle of the Granicus in 334 BC, the first major battle of Alexander's invasion of the Persian Empire.

During the fighting, Alexander was attacked by the Persian commanders Rhosaces and Spithridates. As Spithridates raised his weapon to strike the king, Cleitus intervened and cut off the Persian's arm. This dramatic rescue preserved Alexander's life at a moment when the Macedonian king was fighting close to the front lines.

Cleitus was an experienced Macedonian officer who had also served under Alexander's father, Philip II. He later became one of the commanders of the Companion cavalry, an elite mounted unit. His relationship with Alexander was once close, but it ended tragically several years later.

In 328 BC, during a drunken quarrel at Maracanda in Bactria, Cleitus criticised Alexander's policies and his treatment of Macedonian traditions. Alexander seized a spear and killed him. The contrast between Cleitus's rescue of Alexander at Granicus and his later death at Alexander's hands made him one of the most memorable figures in the king's career.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Aug. 2026

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