Which Indian physicist corresponded with Einstein to develop Bose-Einstein statistics?

Satyendra Nath Bose corresponded with Albert Einstein to develop Bose-Einstein statistics. In 1924, Bose sent Einstein a paper deriving Planck’s radiation law using a new method for counting indistinguishable particles.

Einstein recognized the importance of Bose’s work, translated the paper into German, and submitted it for publication in Zeitschrift für Physik. He then extended Bose’s ideas from photons to material particles, helping establish the foundations of quantum statistics.

The statistics apply to particles now called bosons—particles with integer spin that can occupy the same quantum state. The name “boson” was later coined by Paul Dirac in Bose’s honour. Bose-Einstein statistics eventually led to the prediction of Bose-Einstein condensates, first produced experimentally in 1995.

A common mix-up is to credit Einstein alone. Einstein expanded the theory, but the original statistical method came from Bose, an Indian physicist working at the University of Dhaka.