Which freshwater fish is scientifically named Carassius auratus?

Goldfish are the freshwater fish scientifically named Carassius auratus.

They are domesticated descendants of wild crucian carp from East Asia. Selective breeding began in China more than a thousand years ago, producing different colors, body shapes, fin forms and eye types. The familiar orange color is only one possibility; goldfish can also be white, black, yellow, red or multicolored.

Goldfish are often mistaken for common carp because both belong to the carp family. They are related, but they are separate species. Koi are domesticated common carp, Cyprinus carpio, whereas goldfish are Carassius auratus. Goldfish can also grow much larger than expected in ponds because aquarium bowls restrict their space and water quality.

The species has been introduced widely outside its native range. Released pets may survive in ponds and rivers, where they can compete with native fish, disturb sediments and spread disease. Responsible owners should never release goldfish into natural waterways.