J.R.R. Tolkien called Quenya the “High-elven” tongue of Middle-earth.
Quenya is one of the major Elvish languages Tolkien created for his legendarium. He based aspects of its sound and structure on languages including Finnish, Latin, and Greek, while developing its grammar, vocabulary, and history as part of a much larger linguistic system.
In Tolkien’s fictional history, Quenya was associated especially with the High Elves and with the ancient realms of Valinor. In Middle-earth it functioned largely as a ceremonial, literary, or learned language rather than the everyday speech of most Elves. Sindarin filled that everyday role for many Elves in the later ages.
Quenya is often confused with Sindarin because both are Elvish languages and both appear in names and songs. They are distinct languages with different histories. Black Speech was created for the servants of Mordor, while Westron was the common language used widely by peoples of Middle-earth.