Which empire built the Colosseum in Rome?

The Roman Empire built the Colosseum in Rome, beginning construction under Emperor Vespasian around 72 CE.

The amphitheatre was completed by his son Titus in 80 CE, and later modifications were made under Domitian. Officially known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, it was named for the Flavian dynasty. The building could hold tens of thousands of spectators and hosted public spectacles including animal hunts, executions, and gladiatorial contests.

The Colosseum was constructed from concrete, tuff, travertine, and brick-faced concrete. Its carefully organized entrances and corridors allowed large crowds to enter and leave efficiently. Earthquakes, stone reuse, and centuries of neglect left the structure partly ruined, but substantial sections remain. Gladiators were not all slaves, and some were volunteers who fought for money and fame; popular films often simplify the complex social world of Roman arena combat.