Which C.S. Lewis novel retells the Christian story through the space traveler Ransom's arrival on Malacandra?

Out of the Silent Planet is the C.S. Lewis novel in which the space traveler Elwin Ransom arrives on Malacandra. Published in 1938, it is the first volume of Lewis’s Space Trilogy.

Ransom is kidnapped by Weston and Devine and taken to Malacandra, a planet that humans call Mars. He escapes and encounters several intelligent species, including the hrossa, whose language and society challenge the assumptions of his captors. The planet’s inhabitants know Earth as Thulcandra, the silent planet.

The novel is science fiction rather than a direct retelling of a biblical narrative, but its ideas are shaped by Christian theology. Lewis contrasts conquest and exploitation with humility, cooperation, and moral order. Perelandra is the second book of the trilogy, while That Hideous Strength is the third. Malacandra should therefore not be confused with Perelandra, the planet visited in the next novel.