Which country is the smallest sovereign state with land borders with two countries?

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Liechtenstein is the smallest sovereign state with land borders with two countries.

The Alpine principality covers about 160 square kilometres and lies between Switzerland and Austria. Its western border follows the Rhine River, while mountains dominate much of the eastern side. Vaduz is the capital, and Schaan is the largest municipality by population.

San Marino and Andorra are also small European states, but each has a land border with only one country: San Marino is surrounded by Italy, while Andorra lies between France and Spain. Luxembourg has two neighbouring countries, Belgium and Germany, as well as France, but is considerably larger.

Liechtenstein is a doubly landlocked country, meaning that each of its neighbours is itself landlocked. It was created as a principality in 1719 and became closely associated with Switzerland through a customs treaty signed in 1923.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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