Which country is the smallest sovereign state in Central America by area?

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El Salvador is the smallest sovereign state in Central America by total area, covering about 21,000 square kilometres.

The country occupies the Pacific coast between Guatemala and Honduras. Its name means “The Savior” in Spanish, and its territory includes volcanoes, highlands, Pacific beaches and the Lempa River basin.

El Salvador declared independence from Spain in 1821, initially as part of the Federal Republic of Central America. It became a separate republic after that federation dissolved during the nineteenth century.

Belize is also small and is often compared with El Salvador, but Belize has a larger total area. El Salvador is the smallest Central American country by area while also being the region's most densely populated country.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Sept. 2026

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