Andorra is the smallest European state that borders both France and Spain. The landlocked country covers about 468 square kilometres in the eastern Pyrenees.
Andorra lies between the French department of Ariège and Spain’s Catalonia region. Its mountainous terrain has historically limited settlement, although tourism, retail, and winter sports now form important parts of the economy. Andorra la Vella is the national capital and one of Europe’s highest capital cities.
Monaco is smaller, but it borders only France and has a Mediterranean coastline. San Marino and Liechtenstein are also tiny European states, yet neither touches both France and Spain. The wording matters because the answer depends on a specific pair of neighbouring countries.
Andorra has a distinctive co-principality system. Its two heads of state are the president of France and the bishop of Urgell in Spain. The arrangement developed from medieval feudal rights and continues under Andorra’s modern constitution.