Which country is the smallest by area to have won an Olympic medal?

San Marino is the smallest country by area to have won an Olympic medal, earning its first medals at the Tokyo 2020 Games.

Shooter Alessandra Perilli won bronze in women’s trap, followed by a silver medal in the mixed team trap event with Gian Marco Berti. Perilli later won another bronze at Paris 2024, giving San Marino additional Olympic success.

San Marino is a landlocked microstate surrounded by Italy. Its territory covers about 61 square kilometres, and its Olympic achievements are notable because the country has a very small population and delegation compared with most medal-winning nations.

Monaco, Liechtenstein, and Andorra are also European microstates, but San Marino is smaller by area and has won Olympic medals. The answer concerns the country represented by the athletes, not the venue or nationality of a particular competitor.