Russia has the most time zones within its continental landmass, spanning 11 standard time zones from UTC+2 to UTC+12. Its enormous east–west reach crosses much of Europe and Asia.
Russia’s westernmost time zone includes Kaliningrad, while its eastern regions use Kamchatka Time. The country stretches roughly 9,000 kilometres from west to east, so sunrise and local noon occur at dramatically different times across its territory.
This answer refers to a country’s continuous or mainland territory, not all overseas possessions. France has the most time zones when overseas territories are counted, while the United States also has many zones because of Alaska, Hawaii, and island territories. China, by contrast, officially uses one time zone despite spanning a width that could naturally contain several.
Russia’s current 11-zone arrangement dates from a 2010 reform that eliminated two former zones. Russia does not currently observe seasonal daylight saving time, so these are its regular civil-time offsets rather than summer and winter variants.