Which 13th-century philosopher and theologian is known as the 'Angelic Doctor'?

Thomas Aquinas was the 13th-century philosopher and theologian known as the “Angelic Doctor.”

Born around 1225 in the Kingdom of Sicily, Aquinas joined the Dominican Order despite opposition from his aristocratic family. He studied and taught at major centres including Naples, Paris and Cologne, and became one of the medieval period’s most influential interpreters of Aristotle within Christian theology.

His best-known work, the Summa theologiae, presents a systematic treatment of Christian doctrine, ethics and philosophy. He also wrote the Summa contra Gentiles, biblical commentaries and influential discussions of natural law, virtue and the relationship between faith and reason. Aquinas argued that reason and revelation ultimately cannot contradict one another because both derive from God.

“Angelic Doctor” translates the Latin Doctor Angelicus. Aquinas is also called the “Common Doctor” and “Universal Doctor.” He should not be confused with Albertus Magnus, his teacher, or Bonaventure, another major 13th-century theologian; all three were prominent Christian thinkers, but the title in this question belongs specifically to Aquinas.