What was the title of Stephen Hawking's posthumous 2018 paper co-authored with Thomas Hertog?

The story behind the answer

Stephen Hawking’s posthumous 2018 paper co-authored with Thomas Hertog was titled “A Smooth Exit from Eternal Inflation?” The paper was published in the Journal of High Energy Physics after Hawking’s death.

The work examined eternal inflation, a scenario in which inflation continues indefinitely in some regions while ending in others, potentially producing an enormous collection of bubble universes. Hawking and Hertog argued for a different description based on quantum cosmology and the no-boundary proposal. Their approach was intended to avoid an endlessly branching, fractal-like multiverse as the inevitable outcome.

The authors proposed that the exit from eternal inflation could produce a finite and comparatively smooth cosmological history. They also suggested that the framework might lead to predictions testable through observations of the cosmic microwave background or future gravitational-wave experiments. The paper was submitted in 2017 and published on April 27, 2018.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Aug. 2026

Add question to a list

Choose a list to keep this question in: