What was the title of J.R.R. Tolkien’s 1925 edition with E.V. Gordon?

The story behind the answer

J.R.R. Tolkien and E. V. Gordon published an edition of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in 1925.

The edition presented the Middle English poem with scholarly notes and became an important contribution to the study of medieval English literature. Tolkien’s expertise in historical languages supported detailed attention to the poem’s vocabulary, meter, dialect, and manuscript tradition.

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight tells of a challenge at King Arthur’s court. Sir Gawain accepts a strange beheading game offered by the Green Knight and later faces a sequence of tests involving hospitality, temptation, and exchanged winnings. The poem’s themes of courage, courtesy, honesty, and human imperfection resonated with Tolkien.

The work is sometimes confused with Pearl, another Middle English poem from the same manuscript, or with Tolkien’s own modern retelling, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. His 1925 publication was a scholarly edition created with Gordon, not an original medieval poem.

Source: Wikipedia · fact-checked Oct. 2026

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