What was the name of the Oxford literary group that included J.R.R. Tolkien?

The Oxford literary group that included J.R.R. Tolkien was called The Inklings.

The Inklings were an informal Oxford discussion and reading group active mainly during the 1930s and 1940s. Members and associates included Tolkien, C. S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Owen Barfield. The group met in Oxford rooms and pubs, including The Eagle and Child, where members read and discussed works in progress.

Tolkien read portions of The Lord of the Rings to fellow Inklings while the book was being developed. Their conversations provided criticism, encouragement, and a regular audience for experimental writing. The group was not a formal society with a fixed membership list or a published manifesto.

The name “Inklings” had been used for an earlier student club at Oxford and was later adopted for this literary circle. It is sometimes confused with the group’s meeting place, The Eagle and Child, but the pub was a venue, not the group’s name.