What was Mahatma Gandhi’s campaign for Indian-made goods called?

Mahatma Gandhi’s campaign promoting Indian-made goods was associated with the Swadeshi movement.

“Swadeshi” means “of one’s own country.” The movement encouraged Indians to buy locally made products and reject imported British goods, especially textiles. Gandhi made economic self-reliance a central part of his program, linking consumer choices with resistance to colonial rule.

Hand-spinning and hand-weaving became important symbols. Gandhi promoted the charkha, or spinning wheel, and urged people to wear khadi, hand-spun and hand-woven cloth. The campaign aimed not only to weaken British textile imports but also to provide rural employment and restore dignity to manual work.

Swadeshi first became a major political movement during opposition to the 1905 partition of Bengal, before Gandhi later gave it a broader place in national mass politics. It should not be confused with satyagraha, which describes a method of nonviolent resistance.