What pseudonym did C.S. Lewis use for his 1919 poetry collection?

C.S. Lewis used the pseudonym Clive Hamilton for his 1919 poetry collection Spirits in Bondage. The name combined his own first name with his mother’s maiden name, Hamilton.

Spirits in Bondage was Lewis’s first published book. It appeared while he was still a young man and reflected the influence of his wartime experiences and his early philosophical outlook. The poems were published before his conversion to Christianity and therefore differ markedly in tone from much of his later religious writing.

Lewis later used another pseudonym, N.W. Clerk, for The Allegory of Love, his major study of medieval literature. These two pseudonyms are easy to mix up, but Clive Hamilton belongs to the 1919 poetry volume. The book is now chiefly important as evidence of Lewis’s early literary ambitions and changing beliefs.