C.S. Lewis called the fictional planet in his 1938 science-fiction novel Malacandra.
Out of the Silent Planet follows Elwin Ransom, a Cambridge philologist who is kidnapped and taken aboard a spacecraft to Malacandra. The planet is later identified with Mars, although Lewis uses a fictional name and builds a distinct culture and language around it.
The novel was published in 1938 and became the first volume of Lewis’s Space Trilogy. On Malacandra, Ransom encounters three intelligent species and learns that Earth is known as Thulcandra, the “silent planet.” The setting lets Lewis explore language, morality, colonialism, and humanity’s place in the cosmos.
Perelandra is not the same answer: it is the name of the planet in the trilogy’s second novel, published in 1943. Thulcandra refers to Earth within the fictional cosmology, while Malacandra refers to Mars.