What is the title of the 1988 Studio Ghibli film set during World War II about two siblings?

The 1988 Studio Ghibli film about two siblings during World War II is Grave of the Fireflies.

Directed by Isao Takahata, the film follows Seita and his younger sister Setsuko as they struggle to survive in Kobe during the final months of the Pacific War. Their mother dies after the bombing of Kobe in March 1945, and the children eventually move into an abandoned bomb shelter. The story portrays hunger, displacement, grief, and the devastating effects of war on civilians.

Grave of the Fireflies is based on Akiyuki Nosaka’s 1967 semi-autobiographical short story. Its title refers to the fireflies the siblings catch and release inside their shelter, as well as the film’s broader meditation on lives that burn brightly but briefly. The film was released in Japan by Toho on April 16, 1988.

It is sometimes grouped with lighter Ghibli titles because of the studio’s reputation for family animation, but this is a serious war drama. Porco Rosso and My Neighbor Totoro are also Ghibli films, while The Wind Rises was released much later.