The large artistic sculptures burned at Spain’s Las Fallas festival are called fallas.
Fallas are enormous constructions made from materials such as wood, papier-mâché, polystyrene and other modeling substances. They often satirize politicians, celebrities, social issues or current events, combining elaborate craftsmanship with humor.
Las Fallas is held in Valencia in March, culminating around Saint Joseph’s Day rather than the June summer solstice. Individual figures within a falla are called ninots, so “ninots” is a related but more specific answer. The burning ceremony is known as La Cremà. This distinction matters because fallas names the complete monument, while ninot refers to one figure or component.