The 19th-century Russian novel by Dostoevsky partly inspired by Don Quixote is The Idiot.
Dostoevsky published The Idiot serially in The Russian Messenger in 1868–1869. Its central character, Prince Lev Myshkin, is a profoundly kind and guileless man whose goodness appears foolish to the cynical society around him.
The connection to Cervantes lies chiefly in Myshkin’s idealism and his collision with a corrupt, worldly environment. Dostoevsky’s notes explicitly compare Myshkin with virtuous fictional figures such as Don Quixote and Pickwick, while distinguishing Myshkin’s serious innocence from their comic qualities.
A common mix-up is confusing influence with adaptation: The Idiot is not a retelling of Don Quixote. Dostoevsky also shaped Myshkin through Christian ideals and his own experiences with epilepsy, exile, and a mock execution.