Plaid, gingham, stripes, floral, and paisley are all examples of patterns.
In home décor, a pattern is a repeated visual design applied to fabric, wallpaper, rugs, upholstery, curtains, or other surfaces. The examples in the question cover several major pattern families: plaid and gingham use intersecting checks, stripes rely on repeated lines, floral designs depict flowers or botanical forms, and paisley uses a distinctive curved teardrop motif.
Some of these terms describe construction as well as appearance. Gingham is usually a balanced check made by crossing stripes of the same width, while plaid can use lines of different widths and colors. Paisley, meanwhile, is recognized primarily by its recurring curled shape rather than by a particular fabric.
A common mix-up is treating “print” and “pattern” as exact synonyms. A print is often a design applied to a surface, while pattern is the broader visual concept; woven, embroidered, painted, and printed designs can all be patterns.