In H.G. Wells’s The Time Machine, the upper-class descendants are called the Eloi.
The Eloi are one of two post-human species living in the far future, alongside the underground Morlocks. By approximately AD 802,701, the Eloi inhabit the Earth’s surface and enjoy an apparently effortless life among ruined buildings and gardens. They are physically delicate, childlike, and largely uninterested in work, technology, or intellectual pursuits.
The Time Traveller theorizes that the Eloi descended from the privileged social class of the Victorian era. Their division from the Morlocks reflects the widening separation between wealthy owners and industrial workers: the Eloi inherited comfort, while the Morlocks became subterranean laborers who maintain machinery and produce necessities.
A common mix-up is treating the Eloi as the threatening species. In Wells’s story, the Morlocks initially appear more frightening, but they secretly emerge at night to prey on the Eloi. “Time Traveler” describes the protagonist, not a species, and Martians do not appear in the novel. The names Eloi and Morlocks therefore represent the two divergent branches of humanity.