In Assassin's Creed, the device that lets Desmond Miles access ancestral memories is the Animus.
The Animus is a machine created by Abstergo Industries that uses genetic memories inherited through a person's DNA. Desmond enters the device and experiences memories belonging to ancestors such as Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad and Ezio Auditore.
The machine provides the framework for the series' shifts between modern-day scenes and historical settings. Although the games present the process as memory access, the experience also creates physical and psychological effects, including the Bleeding Effect.
Eagle Vision is a perception ability, not a machine. The Apple of Eden is an Isu artifact, while the Bleeding Effect is a consequence of repeated Animus exposure rather than the device itself.