How many provinces does Canada have?

Canada has 10 provinces.

The provinces are Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Canada also has three territories: Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut, bringing its total number of top-level subdivisions to 13.

The distinction between provinces and territories matters. Provinces derive their powers directly from Canada's Constitution, while territories exercise powers delegated by the federal government. This is why the answer is 10 provinces rather than 13 provinces and territories.

Canada began Confederation in 1867 with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. Newfoundland joined in 1949 as the tenth province, and was renamed Newfoundland and Labrador in 2001. Nunavut, created in 1999, is Canada's newest territory.