At which 1931 conference in London did Mahatma Gandhi represent the Indian National Congress?

Mahatma Gandhi represented the Indian National Congress at the Second Round Table Conference in London in 1931.

The British government organized the Round Table Conferences to discuss India’s constitutional future. The first conference, held in 1930, took place without Congress participation because many Congress leaders were imprisoned during the Civil Disobedience Movement. Gandhi attended the second conference after the Gandhi–Irwin Pact of March 1931 and a temporary suspension of civil disobedience.

Gandhi traveled to London as the Congress’s sole official representative, although other Indian delegates attended in different capacities. Discussions focused on constitutional reform, federal arrangements, minority representation, and the political relationship between British India and the princely states.

The conference did not produce an agreement. Gandhi’s disagreements with other delegates, including representatives of minority communities and the princes, remained unresolved. The third conference met in 1932 without Congress participation. The resulting constitutional process contributed to the Government of India Act 1935, but not to the immediate independence Gandhi sought.