Who wrote the song "Ramble On"?

Jimmy Page and Robert Plant wrote “Ramble On.” Page developed the music and played the guitars, while Plant wrote most of the lyrics, including imagery influenced by J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings. The song became the seventh track on Led Zeppelin II, released in 1969.

The recording was made in New York in June 1969 at Groove Studios and Juggy Sound Studio. Its arrangement is built around contrast: a quiet acoustic-guitar opening gradually gives way to electric guitars, bass, drums, and a more forceful chorus. That movement between intimacy and power became one of Led Zeppelin’s defining musical techniques.

Listeners sometimes credit Plant alone because he wrote much of the lyric, and some album discussions simplify the song’s authorship that way. Official songwriting references generally identify Page and Plant as the co-writers. Another frequently overlooked detail is that Led Zeppelin did not perform the complete song live during its original career; its first full performance came at the 2007 Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concert in London.