Caiaphas was the high priest when Jesus was questioned during the Jewish proceedings described in the Gospels.
The Gospel accounts associate Jesus’ questioning with the high-priestly household of Annas and Caiaphas. John mentions an initial questioning before Annas, who had previously held the office, and then describes Jesus being sent to Caiaphas. Matthew and Luke focus on the high priest and the council, while Mark names the high priest without giving his personal name in the scene.
Joseph Caiaphas served as high priest in Jerusalem during the early first century. The historian Josephus also identifies him and places his tenure in the period of Roman rule over Judaea.
Annas and Caiaphas are therefore easy to confuse. Annas was Caiaphas’s father-in-law and an influential former high priest; Caiaphas was the serving high priest associated with the trial narrative.