Which U.S. president was in office when the 1907 Panic triggered the creation of the Federal Reserve?

Theodore Roosevelt was the U.S. president in office when the Panic of 1907 helped drive the creation of the Federal Reserve.

The panic began after an unsuccessful attempt to corner the stock of United Copper Company. Runs on trust companies spread through New York, and the failure of the Knickerbocker Trust Company intensified the crisis in October 1907.

Financier J. P. Morgan organized private rescue efforts, including emergency lending and a commitment to stabilize the banking system. The episode exposed the weakness of a financial system without a permanent central bank capable of supplying emergency liquidity.

Congress responded with the Aldrich–Vreeland Act of 1908, which created a National Monetary Commission. Its work contributed to the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, signed by President Woodrow Wilson. Thus Roosevelt’s presidency covered the panic, while Wilson’s administration created the Federal Reserve.