Which U.S. president signed the 1933 law that separated commercial and investment banking after the crash?

Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the 1933 law that separated commercial and investment banking after the crash.

The Banking Act of 1933, commonly associated with the Glass–Steagall Act, was signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 16 June 1933. Its banking provisions restricted commercial banks from underwriting or dealing in many investment securities and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

The law responded to the banking failures and financial panic that accompanied the Great Depression. Supporters argued that separating activities would reduce conflicts of interest and limit risky speculation by deposit-taking banks.

Glass–Steagall was not itself the cause of the 1929 stock-market crash, and it did not instantly end the Depression. Several of its investment-banking restrictions were later repealed by the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act in 1999, although some related safeguards remained in other forms.