Which U.S. agency publishes the country’s official statistics on energy production and consumption?

The Energy Information Administration publishes the United States’ official statistics on energy production and consumption.

The agency, commonly called the EIA, is part of the U.S. Department of Energy. It was created by the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, following the energy disruptions of the 1970s. Its role is to collect, analyze, and publish energy information independently of policy recommendations.

EIA reports cover crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, coal, electricity, renewables, and nuclear energy. Its publications include the Short-Term Energy Outlook, the Annual Energy Review, and data on petroleum inventories, refinery operations, imports, and exports.

The EIA is distinct from the International Energy Agency, which is an intergovernmental organization based in Paris, and from the U.S. Energy Department itself. Analysts, journalists, governments, and businesses use EIA datasets to track changes in the American and global energy markets.